Open Source Concepts: Dual Licensing Explained

We were recently faced with a decision: either tomight try to contradict us and compare open
let a program that took us one year to code die,source with religion, which it is not). In other
simply because we do not have enough time towords, if a guy is not making money from a
maintain it, or make it open source.Open sourceproject why in the hell would he keep supporting
looked like a good idea for while, but there wasit. An example of one such software is PuTTY
one problem. We wanted to keep the software(with apology to Simon Tatham). Even though it is
under our control and to be able to make moneyimmensely popular, it still leaves a lot to be wished
selling it later. And let us just be honest and admitfor. The User Interface is meager, the
it: we wanted monopoly over our software anddocumentation is of low standard and there is no
why not? It took us one year to write the(customer) support. Strange for a very popular
software, and its documentation. Yeah we believesoftware.Now if PuTTY was released under dual
in 'Free Software', but who works for free. Freelicense, it might have been a lot different than it is
software can never be successful in the long run,now. The PuTTY company would have expanded,
if there is no way to make money.Dual Licensinghiring new people and giving customer support.
and GPL:Then we said to each other: 'Hey,That did not happen and the result is that PuTTY
RedHat and MySQL are open source. Still theyis not used in large corporations who prefer
make lot of money. How?" The answer lies in thecommercial software with customer support and
strategy known as 'Dual Licensing'. It is verysomeone to blame if anything goes wrong. For
simple. The Open Source company first has toexample, Vandyke SecureCRT, Whitehorn Secure
copyright the source code, and then make itTerminal or Celestial Telnet are some popular
available to public. Now, since the company ownscommercial SSH clients.So you mean Open
the source code copyright, it can distribute itSource is bad? Why people go open source
under two different licenses: one open source andthen?No. It is not. The number one advantage of
the other commercial. The open source license inopen source is that it can cut the development
such case will almost always be GNU GPL (Generaltime by as much as 50%. The other reason why
Public License), which allows anybody to modifypeople go open source is to make sure that
the source code, redistribute it and incorporate itproject will always stay alive with the help from
into other projects. However, there is one catchdevelopment community (many commercial
(a big, and annoying catch). The restriction is thatsoftware applications die in their first year). Some
any project that uses GPL'd code must also bepeople participate in open source development
released under the GPL license (GPL, we believe,just to make a name for them.The bottom line is
works like a virus. It keeps on spreading). Whichthat Dual Licensing is not as evil as many people
simply means (regarless of what open sourcethink it is. It is the only way to go if you want to
ativists tell you), you cannot sell the GPL'd codemake money from your open source project. We
or any project that incorporates it for profit. Forwould like to end this article with a line from the
that purpose, you will have to offer a commercialinfamous 'Open letter to hobbyists' written by Bill
license.Some well known companies that use DualGates: "Nothing would please me more than to be
Licensing are: RedHat Inc, MySQL, AB., Sleepycatable to hire ten programmers and deluge the
among many others. These companies one handhobby market with good software."DISCLAIMER:
attracts people and developers who want toAll information given in this article is provided on
move the Open Source movement, and on the'AS IS' basis. The author's do not assume any
other, they want to make some serious moneyresponsibility for any consequences and do not
with dual licensing.Let us look at an example: a guyswear that the information given in this article is
was creating a commercial database applicationaccurate. This article is not affiliated with any
that was intended to bring him some cash. Heorganization.
used MySQL database at the backend, thinking itThis article can be distributed and redistributed as
was free. He later found out that he violated thelong as Author's names are not changed and the
GPL license that MySQL uses. Anybody isoriginal text remains intact.Ali Mansoor () has
restricted from distributing an application that useswritten several famous commercial applications.
GPL in modified or unmodified form unless theUmer Mansoor (umer.) spends most of his time
whole project is licensed under GPL. So that guyprogramming or thinking about money making
was left with no choice, but to buy commercialschemes. He is inspired by his Dad, God,
licenses (based on per copy) from MySQL, AB.IsMicrosoft, and more recently, Google. Visit his
Dual Licensing Evil?Yes. But there is nothing wrongopen source project page at: from the authors:
with it. If no product revenues are coming in, theNo we are not nerds or geeks and we define
project will eventually die or will always be in aFREE as in 'free beer', not as in 'free speech'.
very bad shape (a lot of open source evangelistsCheers..