| There exist different views of user resistance | | | | concept that would have to be constructed and |
| and multi-level views which attempt to incorporate | | | | argued logically. This would not diminish the validity |
| organisational constraints and demographics | | | | of the concept since inertia is a subjective way of |
| (Venkatesh et al. 2003). One can view resistance | | | | framing the impediments to technological change. |
| as an amalgam of social, technical and | | | | In his assessment of technology acceptance |
| organisational factors that prevent the desired | | | | among customers in the bank sector, Vijayan |
| outcome of technology intervention. Unlike | | | | (2003) used the theory of planned behaviour, |
| resistance models that are limited to user | | | | theory of reasoned action and the technology |
| resistance, the conceptual definition of resistance | | | | acceptance model to examine consumer adoption |
| employed in this article is more difficult to | | | | of multimedia. The Unified Theory of Acceptance |
| deconstruct. The construct that would be used | | | | and Use of Technology by Venkatesh et al. |
| would be that of non-acceptance combined with | | | | (2003) was identified as a more robust adaptation |
| non-usage. | | | | of the Technology Acceptance Model proposed |
| Adapting some of the operational definitions of | | | | by Fred Davis. The utility of the UTAUT model |
| user resistance and the notion of infrastructure | | | | arises from the fact that it can apply to different |
| from Ciborra (2001), this article examines | | | | stakeholders in an organisation- particularly, |
| observable features like usage of information | | | | customers and employees. |
| systems, technical compatibility of newly | | | | The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of |
| introduced modules and compatibility of old and | | | | Technology would be embedded within Ciborra's |
| new systems with existing procedures, legal and | | | | concept of information technology as a model |
| cultural frameworks. Cultural frameworks can be | | | | that addresses the socio-technical interaction |
| constructed using an organisation's history, | | | | inherent in an information system. The redefinition |
| documented responses to previous technology | | | | of the user in extant resistance models would |
| interventions and observation. | | | | take the form of the social actor (Lamb and Kling |
| The ontological assumption about the information | | | | 2003). The social actor concept would be used |
| system is that it is an objective reality that is | | | | since one actor invariably would interact with |
| shaped by social actors and organisational | | | | many systems. |
| circumstances. This assumption that there is an | | | | While the UTAUT model would be the central lens |
| objective quality in information systems (Bhaskar, | | | | through which one can design the data collection |
| 1989) is what drives the embellished view of | | | | strategy and analyse the findings, the supporting |
| resistance. This is where the population ecologists' | | | | concepts like the structural inertia and information |
| view of structural inertia has its ontological basis | | | | technology infrastructure would address all other |
| and why it is included in this non-acceptance | | | | aspects of the information systems sphere. |
| context. Social actors do not always determine | | | | Research in this sphere can then determine if |
| the success or failure of technology | | | | there is a relationship among actor acceptance, |
| implementation initiatives. Borrowing from the | | | | demographics and culture. |
| sociological concept of constructivism, inertia is a | | | | |