Factors That Negatively Affect Caribbean Development

The Caribbean is considered a Third-World regionhurricane belt. Islands across the archipelago have
or a collection of Less Developed Nations. In broadbeen devastated by hurricanes and setback by
terms, development can be viewed in social,tropical storms. The recurrent infrastructural
economic and political dimensions. Every region hasdamage places a real burden on both economic
development issues to routinely overcome. Theand social development.
Caribbean region has obstacles to development6) Political fragmentation
that are peculiar to the region. These issues areFrom 1958 to 1962, a Caribbean federation was in
of a cultural, economic, geographic and socialexistence. The idea was that the islands under
nature.British rule would form a single political unit.
1) Small marketsHowever, insularity and parochial considerations
The population of the states associated withtook root and the federation dissolved- after just
CARICOM is between 6 and 7 million. Thefour years. This political setback further stymied
Caribbean market is a small one even if youthe economic and social integration of the small
include non-English speaking territories. This factCaribbean islands. Even current attempts to unify
reduces the market potential for conglomeratespolitically and economically are futile or protracted.
and limits the emergence of dominant Caribbean7) Migration of skilled workers and professionals
enterprises. Even indigenous large business entitiesMany West Indians- skilled or unskilled- leave
in the Caribbean face constraints of growth andthese shores to head for the more developed
expansion.countries of North America or Europe. The
2) Resource-dependent and tourism basedproblem is that the best and the brightest of the
economiesCaribbean are highly likely to migrate, or study
Caribbean economies are highly dependent onabroad and remain there. This phenomenon-
both tourism and natural resource-exploitation.known as 'brain drain'- effectively deprives the
This makes the Caribbean region more vulnerableCaribbean of its best technocrats, intellectuals,
to economic downturns in more developedskilled workers and professionals.
nations. While this is the norm in the8) Lack of meritocracy
interconnected global market, the CaribbeanIn a small place, it is very difficult to be unknown.
economies are hardly self-sufficient- relying onUnfortunately, the culture of the Caribbean is not
imports for necessitates. Regional governmentsone that emphasises achievement based on merit.
seem content with using what they are lucky toWhile the idea of complete meritocracy is an ideal,
have instead of developing other sectors andit is at least implemented to a greater or lesser
creating more tradable goods.extent in other cultures. Cronyism and nepotism
3) Retrograde education systemhinder political and economic development since
Under colonial rule, the education system wasthe best-qualified do not hold the positions that
designed to meet the needs of colonial masters.they merit.
They were geared towards getting people to9) Crime
sustain the "plantation economy" and serve theSome countries in the Caribbean have the highest
public sector. The education system hasn'tcrime rates in the world. This is a result of myriad
changed much since colonial times and fails tofactors- including the illegal drugs and firearms
produce enough citizens who are innovative andtrade that uses the Caribbean as a handy
entrepreneurial. The static education system istrans-shipment point. Crime affects tourism and
one of the reasons for the perceived 'culture ofdirect foreign investment. It also changes the way
dependency'.of life for large sections of the Caribbean
4) Exploitation and division under colonial rulepopulation.
The Caribbean's resources were pillaged during theThere are indeed several factors that hinder
colonial era. Once the colonial powers had their fill,Caribbean development. Arguably the most
they left. Further to that, they created divisionsignificant of those would be the cultural or
among different groups within the region as parteconomic. Little can be done about natural
of the 'divide and conquer' principle. While they leftdisasters or the remnant colonial fetters of the
the Caribbean with a model of civilization, theyregion. What is important to note is that the
really were not interested in ensuring theCaribbean territories are young independent
development of the nations of the West Indiesnations that are still finding their feet.
outside of their self-interest.Encouragingly, overcoming the factors that
5) Climactic factors - hurricanesnegatively impact Caribbean development is not
The Caribbean is right in the middle of theimpossible- albeit difficult.